How contractors and artisans in Nigeria should invoice
Building and repair jobs involve materials, labour and unexpected extras. An invoice that separates them, and bills in stages, avoids most arguments on site.
What to put on the invoice
- The job and the site address, with a short description of the work.
- Labour and materials as separate sections. Clients trust it more.
- Quantities and unit prices for materials (cement, pipes, cables, paint).
- Variations: any extra work added after the first quote, as its own line.
- Stage or completion dates and the payment due at each stage.
A sample invoice
| Description | Qty | Price | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| Materials: cables, sockets, breakers | 1 | ₦180,000 | ₦180,000 |
| Labour: rewiring (3 rooms) | 3 | ₦45,000 | ₦135,000 |
| Materials: paint and sealant | 1 | ₦60,000 | ₦60,000 |
| Labour: painting | 1 | ₦90,000 | ₦90,000 |
| Variation: extra socket points | 5 | ₦8,000 | ₦40,000 |
| Total | ₦505,000 | ||
| Deposit received | ₦250,000 | ||
| Balance due | ₦255,000 | ||
Sample figures to show the layout. Set your own prices.
Deposit and payment terms
Bill in stages tied to progress: for example 50% to mobilise and buy materials, 30% when half the work is done, and 20% on completion and inspection. A mobilisation deposit is normal, because you must buy materials. Write down who pays for any damage or change of plan. See deposits and part payments.
Problems a clear invoice prevents
- "I thought materials were included." They are listed and priced.
- Extra work disputes. Every variation is its own line, agreed before you do it.
- Payment after the client is happy. Stages make payment follow progress.
Questions people ask
Should I separate labour and materials?
Yes. It is clearer, and clients can see where the money goes.
How do I charge for extra work?
Agree it first, then add it as a separate line so the original price stays clear.
When should I ask for the final payment?
On completion or after the client inspects the work. State this on the invoice.
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